The School Building Survey 


and 


The School Building Program 


for 


The City of Harrisburg, Pennsylvania 


By 


THOMAS E. FINEGAN 


Superintendent of Public Instruction 
State of Pennsylvania 


N. L. ENGELHARDT 


Professor of Education, Teachers’ College 
Columbia University, New York City 


DWIGHT H. PERKINS 


Architect, Chicago, of the firm of 
Perkins, Fellows and Hamilton 


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THE SCHOOL BUILDING SURVEY AND 
THE SCHOOL BUILDING PROGRAM 


FOR 


THE CITY OF HARRISBURG, 
PENNSYLVANIA 


—_————————- ——_—___. 


The United States Census figures indicate that Harrisburg was 
a city of 75,917 people in 1920 as compared with 64,186 people in 
1910. Over this decade Harrisburg has had a growth of 11,731 
people, or a growth of 18 per cent. The actual growth of the 
City of Harrisburg since 1870, according to the United States 
Census, is indicated in Table I. 


TABLE I 
POPULATION OF THE CITY OF HARRISBURG 
Year Population Per cent 
Growth 
er RMT MATE at RIES, ise BAGS Ray Foe Sv <a 23,104 
TERRIA aretha tog Rt cia te hes) wusee <i 9 30,762 33 
PS HO 8 elie cya tar, Shi a 39,385 28 
= TTT Nod aCe a a a 50,167 27 
PU Me et eee te tine ik tier tere nt SiO 64,186 28 
VPI) ASE eh SR ia Re A ce EE 75,917 18 


The local Bell Telephone Company has utilized these census 
figures, as well as a house count analysis of the population in 
Harrisburg in the year 1922, as a basis for prognosticating the 
growth in the City of Harrisburg, as well as in the territory ad- 
jacent to the City in which population growth may be expected. 
The distribution of the population for the City of Harrisburg 
according to the wards for 1910, 1920, and also for 1922, together 
with the anticipated changes in these wards for the years 1928, 
1934, and 1945 are given in Table II. 


TABLE II 


POPULATION DISTRIBUTION AND ESTIMATED GROWTH BY WARDS HARRISBURG 





Ward 1910 1920 41922 1928 198% 1945 
TAISE RUE Y, eee 3859 4274 4326 5730 7100 9200 
OL Eee ae oe 6347 7742 7860 7860 7870 8160 
Re os a dee 1900 1809 1926 1930 1950 1950 
VEEN, when Tt o3 veh Ste 3292 3407 3668 3560 3510 3460 
ee co arse Me 4148 4294 4122 4100 4150 4300 
6) eee ek 4121 4006 3718 3790 3920 4150 
7 eae RN ae 7851 9136 8998 9550 10200 11100 
Seca Ree Loe eae 6330 5175 4838 4990 5080 5260 
Ee ead ily, Meee ened 9351 12512 12395 12700 13000 13800 

10g eee ee 5173 8765 $765 11000 11907 18850 

V1 ee oe eae 4908 5423 5239 5200 5170 5800 

{oe eae Bee 4620 4958 4863 4820 4850 4920 

13 eT Oh wea ek eee 2286 3574 4073 5610 6470 8050 
Lae atet CAe See omes 842 948 1220 1480 2710 

15 ee ae ere 1810 1980 2020 20380 

otal ome eee 64186 75917 77544 84040 88677 98240 


Growth estimated by 
Bell Telephone Company 
Harrisburg Pa. 
1922. 


The 1910 and 1920 figures of Table II are the United States 
Census figures. The 1922 figures are based on the house count 
made by the Bell Telephone Company. The figures for the next 
three periods are those figures which the survey experts of the 
Bell Telephone Company have utilized as a basis for developing 
their service plants in the various wards of the City. 

The prophecies made by these telephone survey experts are 
based upon present trends in housing in the various wards, and 
also upon the tendency toward change in the nature of. housing, 
as well as in the nature of commercial and industrial develop- 
ment which has been taking place in recent years in American 


cities. The thoroughness with which the work was done may be — 


indicated by the fact that the Bell Telephone Company is willing 
to expend money for the extension of its plant in terms of these 
figures. 

The anticipated percentage of growth, based upon the 1922 
population, is shown in Table III for the year 1928, 1934, and 
1945. These percentages indicate that the population will remain 
stationary or decrease slightly in wards 2, 3, 4, 5, 11, and 12. 

4 


4 


There will be a slight growth in wards 6, 7, 8, 9, and 15; while 
there will be a fair growth in wards 1, 10, 13 and 14. 
TABLE III 


ESTIMATED POPULATION GROWTH—BY WARDS 
Expressed in Per cent. Over Previous Period 


Ward 1928 1934 1945 
DME is atone Pe ene phe in 32% 24% 30% 
BME ieee ei, Were ye 5s 0 0 3 
JD Ook So ERE Sree 0 1 0 
a i te ea eee -3 -1 -1 
oe ee = «Dd 1 3 
Aes eee ee nee 2 3 6 
[05 oe 6 6 9 
Oh 6 Se 3 2 3 
2) Ee ah eS eee 2 2 6 
UNS Pes Oe eee a 25 8 9 
OL OE. 88 Seg aa a aaa a - .6 2 
Be oie k's 6 ws Oe - .9 - .6 1 
OAL oe SRR ge ares area 38 15 24 
Ono 2 aah a 29 rad 83 
IM Sete eave oie bs 2% 9 2 = 30 
fmeatreror City shes dia koe 8% 5% 11% 


Growth estimated by 
Bell Telephone Company 
Harrisburg, Pa. 
1922. 


The actual distribution of total population for 1922 for the 
City of Harrisburg, as determined by the house count survey 
made by the Bell Telephone Company, is shown in Map I. 


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Each dot in Map I represents twenty-five persons. In Map I 
the Paxton Creek is shown as dividing the City into two sec- 
tions. This creek runs approximately parallel with the main 
lines of the Pennsylvania Railroad. The school authorities of 
Harrisburg, however, have divided the city so that all of that sec- 
tion west of the Pennsylvania Railroad and north of Walnut 
Street is considered Uptown, while the remainder is considered 
the Hill section. In order that comparisons may be made, the 
division made by the Harrisburg school authorities will be used 
in this report. Thirty-eight thousand, one hundred twenty-seven 
(38,127) persons were located in the Hill Section according to 
the house count study of 1922; thirty-nine thousand, four hun- 
dred seventeen (39,417) persons were living in the Uptown Sec- 
tion. 

In Table IV the divisions of total population are shown for 
the years 1910 and 1920 in the Hill and Uptown sections. In 
1910, forty-four per cent. of the total population was in the Hill 
section.* This had shifted to forty-eight per cent. in 1920,** 


and to forty-nine per cent in 1922.*** The increase in total 
* United States Census figures. 
** United States Census figures. 
*** Bell Telephone Company figures. 


population for the period 1910 to 1920 has been 8,033 in the 
Hill section as compared with, 3,698 in the Uptown section. For 
the period 1920 to 1922 it has been 1810 people in the Hill sec- 
tion and 183 people in the Uptown section. Evidently the Hill 
section is growing more rapidly than the Uptown section. 

Utilizing the estimates of the Bell Telephone Company as a 
basis, Table IV shows that the population of the Hill section 
will nearly equal that of the Uptown section in 1928 and by 1934 
the population of the Hill section will exceed that of the Uptown 
section. 


TABLE IV 
DIVISION OF POPULATION OF HARRISBURG 
HILL SECTION UPTOWN SECTION 
Population % of Total Population % of Total 
NR cc Siw Tecate ws nfs 28,284 44 ; 35,902 56 
tL cred a tic, ots eas 36,317 48 39,600 52 
eee Bs eiantat seit «ts 38,127 49 39,417 51 
WAL SS ar 42,321 50 41,719 50 
OE ld ee ee 45,465 51 43,212 49 
Beare Obes Tos se 51,118 52 47,122 48 


Hill Section Uptown Section 


Increase, 1910-1920.*% <0... 63.4)... 5 ee 8033 3698 
% Increase, 1910-1920'* oo... 25. Scenes 28 13 
Increase, 1910-1922:.%* J ..5....2 22. 9843 3515 
% Increase, 1910-1922 ** .... a eee 35 10 
Estimated Increase, 1922-1928 *** ...... 4194 2302 
% Estimated Increase, 1922-1928 *** .. 11 6 
Estimated Increase, 1922-1934 *** ...... 7338 3795 
% Estimated Increase, 1922-1934 *** .... 19 9 
Estimated Increase, 1922-1945 *** ...... 12991 7705 
% Estimated Increase, 1922-1945 *** ... 34 19 


* Federal Census. 
** Bell Telephone Co. Census. 
*** Bell Telephone Co. Estimates. 


PRESENT RESIDENTIAL AND NON-RESIDENTIAL AREAS 


In planning a school building program areas that may be set 
aside for residential and education purposes are clearly segre- 
gated from those areas which probably will never again be util- 
ized in the City for such purposes. In allotting the areas to 
either of these purposes the Sanborn Map, developed by the Fire 
Underwriters Association and utilized for fire underwriting pur- 
poses was used as a basis in all except the outlying areas. Actual 
surveys were made of the outlying areas in order to make the 
data complete. The non-residential areas included such areas as 
those devoted to industrial, commercial, park, cemetery, and rail- 
road purposes. The property occupied at present by schools has 
also been indicated on this map. It is questionable whether any 
school buildings should be extended, or any large amounts of 
money be expended on the alteration or rehabilitation of any 
school plant which lies distinctly within the non-residential 
areas of a city. Map II shows that Harrisburg has considerable 
school property lying directly in the midst of non-residential 
areas, or of areas which may be expected to become non-resi- 
dential within a relatively short period of time. Such buildings 
as the Harris, Stevens, Willard, Technical High School, Paxtang, 
Penn, Wickersham, and the Downey are either in the midst of 
non-residential areas or may be expected to be surrounded soon 
by areas which are devoted to other than residential purposes. 


“yr 


RESIDENTIAL AND NON RESIDENTIAL AREAS 1° 


Dauphin Co. Pa. 


HARRISBURG CITY 


on 
Survey 


Commonwealth of Peneylvana 


Department of 
Boreas of 5 


School 
Dutdic instruction 
choo! Buildings 


Mae to Accompary data 


Harrisburg 


FOR RESIDENCES 


LEGEND 


Wa RESIDENCES 


GS PUBLIC SCHOOL PROPERTY 
MB AREAS UNAWILABLE 












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Map II 


Trends of Total Population. In Map III are indicated those 
areas of the City in which heavy increases of population may be 
anticipated, those areas of the city in which slight or moderate 
increases may be anticipated, and also those areas in which 
apparently no increase in population may be anticipated over 
the next twenty year period unless there is a very radical change 
in the nature of the housing which exists today in the City. 
This map is based upon the housing data which have been in- 
cluded above. The open areas that are available for further 
residential development have to a large degree formed the pri- 
mary basis for the map. It is clear that there is far greater possi- 
bility for increase in housing development on the eastern side 
of the City, or the Hill Section, than on the western or Uptown 
section. Not only is this true within the present limits of the 
City of Harrisburg, but it is also true when one takes into con- 
sideration the possibilities of extension of the present city areas. 


10 


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In Map IV has been reproduced the study area utilized by the 
Bell Telephone Company in the extension of their service plants. 
This study area includes the présent City of Harrisburg and the 
possible extensions to the North, South, and East. Harrisburg’s 
growth will be along the lines not only of building up the present 
areas, but also will include the addition of surrounding terri- 
tories. It is not the purpose of this study to prophesy when these 
surrounding territories will become a part of the City. In the 
development of the school plant it is, however, as essential for the 
Board of Education of Harrisburg to consider the possibility of 
addition of this surrounding territory to the present City areas 
as it is for the Telephone Company to consider these same areas © 
in the provisions which they are making for the extension of 
their program. The populations included in these outlying terri- 
tories are indicated in Table V. 


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DAUPHIN COUNTY. 
SAE I ome 
MAP TO ACCOMPeny DATA ON 
HARRISBURG SCHOOL SURVEY. 
COMMONWEALTN OF PENNSYLYANIA 


e 


TREND OF TOTAL POPULATION 
HARRISBURG CITY & ENVIRONS 


MAP IV. 


TABLE V 


POPULATION IN OUTLYING TERRITORY, HARRISBURG, PA. 


1922 
CE I eee TNE copied yc ism aisle ch dididisie c+ es eo avs seeees 1,021 
TSE PE a nc win cities cS Le a dee vee Dek si eee 26,366 
Pemremecrion With Outlying territory <.... 02.0.2. .cw cece cence 65,785 
Uptown Section with outlying territory .................... 39,148 


The total population of these outlying territories is far greater 
on the east and south of the City than it is to the north. This is 
an indication that the increases to Harrisburg’s population made 
through the agency of adding outlying territories will also be 
greater in the Hill Section than in the Uptown Section. 

In Table V are also given the total population of the Hill 
Section and adjacent territory, the total population of the Up- 
town Section and adjacent territory in the territories outlined in 
Map IV. This shows that the eastern part or Hill Section of the 
City has a greater opportunity for growth through the annexa- 
tion of outlying territory than does the Uptown Section. 


THE Census OF SCHOOL CHILDREN 


In Table VI is given. the-distribution -of the school census of 
children 6 to 16 years of age for each of the years from 1902 to 
1922, inclusive. The school census includes all those children 
6 to 16 years of age. In the census enumerations previous to 
1922, six years of age was interpreted to mean to include all 
those children who on their nearest birthday would be six years 
old. In 1922 no children were included among the six-year-olds 
except those who had actually reached their sixth birthday. 
Thus the figures for 1922 are lower than those for 1921. This 
does not mean an actual decrease in the number of children. In- 
eluded in the Hill section are all of the children of Wards 1, 2, 
3, 9, 13, and 15, precinct 6 of the seventh ward, precincts 3 and 
5 of the eighth ward. When these figures of school census are 
reduced to percentages for each section of the City, it is seen 
that the per cent. in the up-town section. has decreased over this 
period from 62 to 47, while the per cent. for the Hill section has 
increased for the same period from 38 to 53. The relationship 
between growth and school census for these two sections of the 
City is shown in Chart I. 


13 


TABLE VI 


ScHooL CENSUS OF CHILDREN 6 TO 16 YEARS OF AGE 


Hill Section * 
% of Total 


Uptown Section .... 


% of Total 


Hill Section* ... 


% of Total 


Uptown Section .... 


% of Total 


Hill Section * 
% of Total 


Uptown Section .... 


% of Total 


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** Data for 1917 lacking. 


14 


1902 1903 1904 1905 
DoLe 3196 3280 3185 
apo 38 40 40 39 
53388 4874 4851 4888 
ee 62 60 60 61 
1909 19I0m IORI 1912. 
3454 4064 4189 4752 
eT 40 44 43 45 
5155 5220 5465 5798 
aye 60 56 57 55 
1916. TOL eS i Se told 
5797 6095 6392 
ie 50 51 50 
5860 5825 6366 
sgh t 50 49 50 
Hitt SECTIONS * 
Wards 
1, 32, O5F Oy wlomedo 
Precincts of Wards 
6 Je veeke Reo ‘i 
DO KO. tees « we eee 8 


1906 


3187 
39 
4989 
61 


1913 


5027 
45 
5843 
55 


1920 
6547 
51 
6374 
49 


1907 


3422 
40 
5173 
60 


1914 


5513 
48 
5917 
52 


1921 
6954 
53 
6312 
47 


1908 
3542 
41 
5151 
59 


1915, 


5670 
49 
5728 
51 


1922 


6576 
54 
5919 
46 


SCHOOL CENSUS - CHILDREN: 6 TO 16 YRS. OF AGE - 1902-1922: 
DEterentione UG lie va 


DAUPHIN COUNTY PENNA. 
PREPARED TO ACCOMPANY pe AP eeoCHOOL SURVEY: 


i910 1918 a 


IN| THOUSANDS 
IN THOUSANDS 





ra) 
= 
Oo 
SS 
a 


NUMBER OF PUPILS 


NUMBER OF 








RECORDS NOT AVAILABLE FOR 
LEGEND COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA 


HILL SECTION DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC INSTRUCTION 
UPTOWN SECTION BORE AUMOROCHOO LC Bole DINGs: 





CHART IL 


15 


The total school census for the period 1902 to 1921, including 
only children 6 to 16 years of age, has grown from 8,650 to 
13,266. The districts according to which this census was taken 
are the precincts of the wards. The changes in any individual 
precinets of any ward for the period 1902 to 1922 are shown in 
Table VII. The facts of this table are vital in determining the 
status of any single elementary school. Where there is a marked 
decline in school census for-any precinct in which other changes 
are taking place which tend to reduce the school problem, the 
facts should be taken fully into consideration in any action taken 
with respect to the extension or alteration of the present elemen- 
tary school plant. | 


16 











THE LIBRARY 
OF THE 
UNIVERSITY OF Inrtaats 











TABLE VII 


School Census of Children 6 to 16 Years of Age 
TTT eee 




































































1921 1922 
i915 | 1016 | 1917 | 1918 | 1919 | 1920 | | = 
914 289 
1908_|~ 1909. | 1910 | doit | 4912 [| 1018 | ! = 242 se 392 391 360 
—— 1902 | 1903 | 1904 | 1905 | 1906 | 1907 | = ae AE 176 227 = 331 327 ie ae 569 274 
Ward seer “S| Sls €| S| S| S| =] S) S| Sl Sl Sl Bl =| =| =! Be] l= 
142 132 82 | oa 231 226 2 239 3 86 
f= Se eee ee Were 65 ] 188 ] 178 | 188 | 297 | 200 | 280 ee 177 
NMECONG =~ sareer« « SS 313 208 214 : 128 119 128 168 7 169 15 
: 241 221 214 103 124 = = 134 151 154. 154 15 
ERT See ee 90 81 126 2 145 146 181 180 
132 130 128 a 153 138 = 165 159 192 182 
Serond== =. eas Wirt oo Se 326 a on 136 | 142 | 147 | 151 | ed | se 302 213 370 344 sae 194 aa pA 299 256 
Sige eee See 563 939 220 | 276 | 278 | 257 “ a7A 482 527 585 258 266 = 421 398 
ed = 238 327 eas 436 | 441 468 243 380 432 435 120 
ee AT 297 391 296 | | —— — ais 363 284 ae 83 98 99 = 
Fourth sete ee ee eee | = | Ee ae “h 94 88 85 | 33 50 49 53 
Fifth Onee 910.0 -6-0_ele- 0 e060 | ee Ke 59 57 67 ae 38 88 735 13 14 19 exec 
SURG AE “os sees Saipereaeae 64 60 69 64 45 25 26 15 110 120 101 
91 80 65 46 47 18 13 117 109 | 
oo ee ee 79 | 2 eS So | 19 20 x = ae 119 106 110 195 | 206 209 29 
IC COMG senctcec ore wares tice 18 26 117 | 3 
—— 48 35 aa — | 0 | 137 101 aS oe 9 196 220 202 203 | 108 97 | 119 = 
ee: 135 1 148 | 115 141 eS | cas 169 218 194 - RO 105 eres a: ee as 
i Seer Ci eee eee = a a 139 203 isl] 211 | 179 we 14 | 121 fas | = 100 = dd at | ser 154 
DOCONG = pois ss nase soe ne 121 | 118 114 113 117 | 99 | 115 102 96 94 | = are 156 155 = 142 | 145 
Se Pie eres ve ve ea 147 141 144 143 se 196 159 188 187 He ae 149 141 sas aoe 265 264 
SOLO es 4 ae ates 6.0 as ae 170 | 173 192 154 185 = ae 150 175 163 ee — = 288 ae ns 176 
hie or = 131 | 138 148 205 318 291 27 : 255 an 108 
180 180 150 17 ee 276 | 308 o = 221 251 25 7 £14: see! 12 
DAGIED dE sae eee | 5 0 244. 253 f 5 203 218 225 ae 107 = 142 
20¢ 254 360 237 | ; 237 101 = 6 150 2 
: SRipei ee a 302 o aan 394 235 | 226 | 237 oe 81 103 94. 101 88 i 184 | 170 | ee 300 261 
Ss: ee ee a 259 205 | ane as 152 124 120 2 147 151 177 206 | 246 169 BE 225 sis PAO 296 ae ee 
‘ : 128 127 = = = 150 290 296 = 216 186 2 
i ee 138 = 142 156 165 298 232 270 17 | = 
107 | 139 162 2 x 257 2 168 191 = 3 2: 333 336 
th oe iret 149 07 a = 207 231 236 230 ae 151 187 182 177 3h 275 | 383 | 824 ae Se 
Seventh ...... 293 269 5 138 129 13 a 238 219 240 247 295 | 301 = 
SECON ste. cee eens = 149 | 136 141 128 | > 257 293 286 ae 394 206 306 | on | 28 450 458 458 
inh SS eee * 280 297 322 | 311 | 258 | = | 209 233 218 266 | 312 se ae 309 | 379 | 42: | =a 
TU OUTED Sars scasero<0.0iececolsis , Se 273 | 280 o71 DH ee se | 198 216 217 233 = | “50 30 3 | = | e.ehe | ee a2 | | = 
LINE EE eee Ee “ . = 267 256 OAS 99° an 112 131 : - ae = , bee a 
213 246 - Y 31 28 | ; 44 
iia reeeee eee a 1 130 132 | 102 120 a ce 138 133 129 85 8 ae oa | 425 | 418 | 401 ae | 5 
Eighth pg gt) eee eee . 107 68 115 134-163 se ae 446 454 — = a 128 106 123 | a | on | ae 998 | 300 
= Saas (eee a5 45 7 13 - 3 7 = = = 
aeeene 191 27 304 se a ; 190 208 278 1DS = 261 366 325 319 | ae 63 66 65 
ft ee eee ee sal ae 200 210 218 200 | = 216 379 58 58 66 | io p79 273 
Vil hers 20 = = am vee = 61 50 72 ro ; ae 294 292 296 | 281 | a22 ne oa 
ic ae 106 | 116 73 96 99 | a 197 183 167 265 | i 997 303 824 | 825 330 | ae Ze 
Ninth ..... Ree oe Pirsie = me on a6 195 208 181 = a 294 225 263 272 | a Se ner | 169 | 145 | as | ae = 
Sccoullmn Sasa a 8 a OOF; 232 212 222 ee: Sag S87 388 528 541 | - | a aOT | 300 | 812 | 321 : = 
gies sae es eoey 221 = a 291 290 313 o29 = 454 450 506 560 pee Sad ae | 225 | 227 | — 240 i igs 
Rourth = a Aas ae =a 309 311 363 358 364 877 | Se pee es ae — | 228 | 210 226 oa a 
ln ea ee 329 | = = = = Be ae 142 |" 176 a ac aay 
Sixth ee Z = aris 173 207 | = ee i Bd 
eeventh re ee | = ae = an a 207 240 244 244 2 4234. 439 403 371 
Waciith: =. .-sake scence Z = < wee wee ao on 268 | 347 190 e795 377 356 347 383 a8 | = | ae 301 281 
hh oe a 450 501 586 “ nae 489 566 | 355 ole te | 318 334 313 271 | 825 | 500 490 
Tenth a eh See ee | 408 | 257 264 | 38 | ae ea ah 436 | 490 494 a 
enth ... Second <.s.s0sse.0+0- | = 263 296 306 ‘oT OBE 261 274 | 268 277 277 = 
hint sas ers ae = = <= = vee me we 460 439 484 477 | sa 998 228 | 274 249 251 D 
ee ee es sta 5 395 424 45 356 409 405 | 386 257 25s 250 231 
HOurth=s-7 ss 314 840 838 357 300 a 250 397 340 332 | 267 251 260 | a - | 157 168 a ba 
ROUUS Exeoeveesseeanates 6 ite Sots s a9, 296 823 o 168 | 17 = 
| ees toes 318 320 2 ve | 65 168 3 4. : 
Bleventh Second .....eeeeees | 827 = - | = ie goth eet el a so" {ia 
Shiels ee as = ee 5 eee aay, 147 141 157 | 139 146 157 | vt a Sai 241 355 309 cy 
Bourth pee ee os ees a 127 127 132 151 bis — 257 | 274 | 290 | 294 305 | 308 398 399 316 334 330 334 
ras as stint ancien ilibeaS 307° 803 | ~~ 310 jo 821 273 Oae 285 | 302 307 293 oe 259 O64 281 321 315 333 | 306 
— | Third eae eae 384 | | ae ee 344 | 864 | 427 ! 305 | | | =| Aad ISS lt 
ib hs) eee er re ee é Sen eee = = 888 388 
Thirteenth ee as ga oe 2 | , | | pes | | | | ere | ateLe see = | ae | 9 | 13,266 = 12,495 
SGCONG=3..aiee eae ee | Se | — | ire | tee 11.398 11.657 11,920 | 12,758 12,993 | | 
Se | 3 | sive | $605 | 9683 | 8609 | 9384 | 9654 | 10550 | 10870 | 12490 | 11, : 
ee ee ee eee vee | =e. aa 8072 | 8176 8595 8683 | 8609 9, 
Fifteenth ....cccccccesssecceeees Been | 8070 8 


ea a a ea et So ee a ee ee 


SCHOOL CENSVS5-CHILDDEN 6TOIOYRS.OF AGE-1902-1922 
Maelo PUG CITY 


DAUPHIN COUNTY ~ PENNA. 
PREPARED TO ACCOMPANY HARRISHVURG SCHOOL SuRVEY 
19 OL 1906 908 1910 


IN THOUSANDS 


NUMBER OF PUPILS IN THOUSANDS 


0 
a 
e 
= 
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Le 
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= 
> 
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Newer — DIE CORFDS NOT AVA\LADLE. Fon .- 
COMMONWEALTH OF eee 


DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC INSTVUCTION 
DUREAYV OF SCHOOL DHVILDINGS 





CuHart II 


17 


ScHoot POPULATION 


In Table VIII are given the school enrollment figures distri- 
buted according to the three sub-divisions of the present school 
organization for the years 1906 to 1922, inclusive. The facts are 
given as of the month of October because the Age Grade Studies 
for the past six years have been made as of the month of October. 


TABLE VIII 





ScHOOL ENROLLMENT—HARRISBURG 
= = 5 
= = = 
— — oy) — 
Totals yi ae oe pe 
~ 3 ~~ +. ~ . 
eis 2.8 2 
$ SN = S = S 
5 ene, Sc, & 55a 
OCle 1 900 ae 8401 6242 74 13920 ae 767 9 
Ocet190T7 «2 2 8532 6305 74 1401,- 417 826 9 
Ocia 1908 ae. 8641 6284 3 1495 «§=617 862 10 
OCT 909 Breen 8759 6282 72 OETA oa keg 946 Il 
Oct yigl0ie wee 9469 6734 71 1070" eas 1065 11 
Oca sit sic. 9688 6784 70 1788 18 1116-7 2 
Oct 1912 ire... 9934 6918 70 1847 18 1169 12 
OC 01S sat 10104 7025 70 1847 18 1232 12 
Oct 21914 cae 10445 71.79 269 1933 18 1333 viedo 
Oct, 19 1in tz. 10726 7302 #68 2038 19 1386 "33 
Oet1 9167. os 11047 7415 67 2670 824 962 9 
Octo 1 Tiree: 11507 7986 69 2556 22 965 9 
OCtr LS LS Sia 11786 7983 68 2604 22 1199 10 
Oct1919 oe 12042 i0als oe 3065 25 1396 12 
Oct 19207 a 12197 atias abs 2959 24 1525 — gas 
Oe a9 a1 eer 12808 7964 62 3195 25 1649 13 
Ot ly22 oe 13084 8029 62 3195 7-2 1860 14 


Prior to 1916 there were nine grades in the elementary schoo!s and 
four grades in the high schools. 


In Chart III is shown the relationship in growth between the 
total population of the City of Harrisburg, the total school — 
population, and the school enrollment in grades 1 to 6, 7 to 9, and 
10 to 12 for the years 1906 to 1922, inclusive. Not only are the 
facts of the past years indicative, but the anticipated growth of 
total population derived as already indicated, and the anticipated 
growth in total school population are also indicative in anticipat- 
ing the growing of total population for the years 1928, 1934, 
and 1945. 

18 


RATIOS BETWEEN CHILDREN 6G TO I6 YRS. OF AGE & TOTAL POPULATION 1902-22. 
HARRIS BUR G CITY 


N COO NT yee PEN 
PREPARED TO ACCOMPANY HARRISBURG SCHOOL, SURVEY 


1902 1904 1906 1908 © 1910 1912 1914 ISIG 1918 1920 1922 






























IG 1G 
SS f 
ie 19 
. ‘| a 
Bn me 
mei dO ee io @ 
a 9 9 0 
eee eee ee 8 Zz 
ECS SS aS ee 
1°) O 
Eis Ea a ee ES a: 
a 5 5s a 
4 4 
3 
2 


NOTE'— CHILDREN 53 TO G YEARS INCLUDED PRIOR TO 1922 
COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA 
DEPARTMENT - OF PUBLIC INSTRUCTION 
BUREAU OF] SCHOOL | BUILDINGS. 


Cuart III 


19 


In Table IX is shown the relationship between the total school 
enrollment and the total population for the years previous to 
1922. In 1922 the school enrollment was approximately 17 per 
cent. of the total population of the City. Considering this per- 
centage as a fair estimate of the relationship which will hold 
over a period of time between school population and total popula- 
tion, the expected school enrollment within the present areas of 
the City of Harrisburg is given for subsequent years. 


TABLE IX 
TOTAL POPULATION AND TOTAL SCHOOL ENROLLMENT 
Total 
Total School ; 
_ Population Enrollment Per cent. 
ER ges, | ame ery ras 8 Si bo toys 64,186 9,469 14.7 
1920 Se 2a ont he eee eee TRILT 12,197 16.0 
1922 ses 46s. Wins Vpee S dia go ee ene renee 77,544 13,084 16.8 
AGZS were: . sielaPaoeiens ata ect earne tiie ears 84,040 14,285 Lig 
LOS 4 Sere cas anc cya, ntn sees otal tetenaaeiere iat neice 88,677 15,000 1750 
UST a ey PON PRR Re Ey hae 98,240 16,700 17.0 


The per cent. of total school enrollment to be found in grades 
1 to 6 is decreasing while the percentage of total school enroll- 
ment found in grades 7 to 9 and 10 to 12 has been gradually in- 
creasing. It may be exected that the percentage for grades 7 
to 9 will increase slightly but less than grades 10 to 12. The 
percentage for grades 1 to 6 will only increase as the Board of 
Education extend their present 6-3-3 plan of organization 
into a kindergarten, 6-3-3 plan, of organization. Assuming the 
continued existence of the present organization, the number of 
children to be provided for in each of the subdivisions of the 
6-3-3 organization has been indicated in table X for. the years 
1928, 1934 and 1945. 


TABLE X 
ENROLLMENT BY GROUPS—HARRISBURG . 
Grade LOee* 91% 1928* % 1934* % 1945* % 
» ES i ear ers 8029 62 8575 = 60 8850 59 9685 58 
TO etree 3195 24 3425 24 3590 24 4000 24 
WAV EY sa a 1860 14 2285 16 2560 17 3015 18 


* Estimates based on population estimates of Bell Telephone Co. 


In table XI are found the enrollments by school organization 
sub-divisions in the Hill section and the Uptown section of Har- 


20 


risburg for October, 1922. Estimates are given for school enroll- 
ment in each school organization sub-division for the years 1928, 
1934, and 1945, for the Hill section as well as the Uptown section. 
Using these figures as a basis, the Hill section will require pro- 
visions for 5130 children in grades 1 to 6, exclusive of the kinder- 
garten in the year 1934, 2090 junior high school children, and 
1480 senior high school children. In 1934 the Uptown section 
will need school provisions for approximately 3720 elementary 
children, grades 1 to 6, exclusive of kindergarten, 1500 junior 
high school children, and 1080 senior high school children. 


TABLE XI 


ScHOOL ENROLLMENT—HARRISBURG 
Hill % of Total Uptown % of Total 


Grades Section for the City Section for the City 
iy ee 4175 3854 
Ee Oe od w/e slain ya. 1655 1540 
RIE gw Scie sss ove 902 958 
SOMME 0, 5 ccnp o 6 acl ethne 6732 52 6352 48 
1928 * 
. (ee 4630 3945 
err 1850 1575 
EO Ss Oa we es 1235 1050 
1) 0 yg Oe 7715 54 6750 46 
1934 * 
Ree, sent. sw ae 5130 3720 
MM he, Dae sk See ee 2090 1500 
MIRE etree ae une. e. 8 3 1480 1080 
SUN EE Me coins spe aes 8700 58 6300 42 
1945 * 
Sra, lod ss) sk tele 6000 3685 
iO ae ee aM ease tees 2475 1525 
Ee os ace! dias eee 1875 1140 
CI NS 10350 62 6350 38 


* Estimates 


ScHoot ENROLLMENT INCREASES DISTRIBUTED BY AGE GROUPS 


In Charts IV, V, and VI are shown the school enrollment 
increases for the years 1902 to 1922 distributed by ages of 


21 


school children. At the present time there is little variation in 
the numbers of children attending school of the ages 7, 8, 9, and 
10. There are almost as many six-year-olds attending school as 
there are children of the ages of 7, 8,9, and 10. In spite of the 
lack of a kindergarten program, apparently most of the children 
six years of age are being admitted to the elementary schools. 
With the adoption of a kindergarten program a few more six- 
year-olds would be added to school enrollment and probably a 
very large majority of the five-year-olds. Thus the increase in 
school enrollment for the lower age group of the elementary 
schools will be in the five and six year old groups. If the kinder- 
garten is added as a part of the school program, it is estimated 
that approximately one thousand more children will be added to 
school enrollment from this source. It is interesting to note that 
since 1916 there has been a greater tendency to inelude all 
children of years 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10 than there was previous to 
that period. Curves of growth for years 11, 12, 13, and 14, as 
indicated in Chart V approach approximately the same terminus 
for the year 1921. Apparently the school attendance depart- 
ment functions ini such a way as to keep a very large majority 
of these children in school. 

In Chart VI are shown the curves of growth in enrollment for 
the years 15, 16, 17, 18 and 19 or over. There has been a marked 
increase in the enrollment of 15, 16, and 17-year-olds since 1917, 
especially marked since 1918 or the end of the War period. This 
very definite increase in these three-year-groups has taken place 
in most of the communities of the United States and has thus 
added to the high school problem. It will be noted that the fifteen- 
year-olds are only a trifle below the fourteen-year-olds of Chart 
V and few additions to school enrollment may be expected from 
this source. There may be very definite additions to school 
enrollment from the sixteen and seventeen-year-olds. Probably 
the sixteen-year-olds will rapidly approach the fifteen-year-olds 
and the eventeen-year-olds will increase considerably in number 
over the next five year period. These increases will be very 
largely in high school enrollment. Therefore, the relationships 
between high school population and total school population, 
which has been utilized as a basis for future estimates, makes the 
estimate a conservative one rather than extreme. 


22 


eee re NOM WENT DY ACTS) 1902 — (92.2 
amore int UL OG ayy 


NUE Pett COUN TY a 9 ENON A. 
PREPADED TO ACCOMPANY HADDIODURG SCHOOL SURVEY 


oe sade id Ee ane. ari 


NOM SE. po OO - -E  Pio re ife 


Q 
4 
ne 
2) 
> 
L 
O 
a 
ul 
Y 
== 
> 
ra 


NOTE: DATA FOR HIGH SCHOOL PUPILS INCOMPLETE. FOR YRE6. I41Z- Iqi5 


watt Pyne COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLYANIA 
arama — 7 YRS, ——-— 9YRDS. DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC INOTRUCTION 


a LOY BAS. BHuUDBEAY OF ACHOOL HBVILDINGS 





Cuart IV 


23 


AGHOOL EN POV Mie Nee KGL®A 19 O02) =e 
HAT Ds Pea ay, 


DAU Para GOO rayne PENN A. 
PREPARED TO ACCOMPANY HARRPISDURG SCHOOL evar 





MAWCH aN ES OCTOBER 
a . $4 —_— os —— 
1902 . 1905 1907 1210 1912 1915 1916 \9IT 1916 1919 1920 192) 











NeUMeprES 22 -O Fees 7 iis 





NOTE%~ DATA FOR HIGH SOCHOOL PuPpltLdS INCOMPLETE FORD YRS, 1912-1915 


 LECEND:— COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA 
IL YEARS --------- 12 Y Poo. 





DEPADOTMENT OF PUBLIC INSTRUCTION 
ee mn |Z NBD. ommeeee 1 AY Bare PUDE.AU OF SCHOOL DVILDINGSH 
CHart V 


24 


MUMS ER OF PUPILS 





mewot ENROLILMENT bY AGES 19902 — 1922 
| Melo pape or Ui oC Cay. 


DAV PHIN COUNTY, PENNA, 

PRPLEPALED TO ACCOMPANY HADDIO BUMS SCHOOL SUDVEY 
MARCH : JUNE OCTO DER 

i ’ —_-———_—_ 4 FO eo 

905° 1907 1910 19h IGS 1916 I9IT 1916 1919 1929 122) 


a 
rm 
c=) 
~~ 
ie 
= 


NOTE.:— DATA Por HIGH 86CHOOL PUPILS INCOMPLETE. poe YDS. I9IZ- 1915 
LECEND:— COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA 


15 YXO, -r- ene IT YDS, DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC INSTRUCTION 


ee tO) NOS, pe RIN 
ee IQ YR2. om OVER PUREAY OF SCHOOL BVILDINGS 





CHart VI 


The relationship between grades 1 to 6, 7 to 9, and 10 to 12, 
as developed over the last fifteen years, is shown in Chart VII. 
The percentage of growth is greater in grades 10 to 12 than it is 
in grades 7 to 9 and 1 to 6. 


25 


IN THOUSANDS 


‘?) 
ra 
b 
=> 
y 
re 
.@) 
a 
ul 
re) 
= 
= 
z 


SR Cee OM OR Ee geld 485%. eager ses DY GROUPS 1906-1922 
HARDIO DUD CA BY. 


DAUPHIN ioe Ne Bae aie 
Site a oe © ES ee ee acne LRG ScHOOL SUR abe 
Fiz i 


| Saale 
pS 


IN THOUSANDS 


RUMDED OF PUPILS 


NOTE c— DATA WAS TAKEN OCTOSE DY OF CACHE SYEAL= 


LEGCEND:— 
CRADES !-6 COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA 


— ——— ——- CRAVDES 7-9 DEPALTMENT OF PUBLIC INSTRUCTION 
we GRA DES J0-1R PULEAU OF SCHOOL SevUIe aie 





Cuart VII 


26 


RESIDENTIAL DISTRIBUTION OF POPULATION 


In order to permit of the visualization of the residential distri- 
bution of population of the present school organization sub-divi- 
sions, maps V, VI, and VII have been prepared. On these 
maps each dot represents one pupil. The sub-divisions indicated 
within the City are the ward boundaries. The number of child- 
ren in the elementary school living in the Hill section is 4175. 
The number of children living in the Uptown section is 3854. 
These elementary children will form the future junior high school 
and senior high school population. The comfort and convenience 
of these children will necessitate the development of two high 
schools for the City of Harrisburg. The distribution of the 
present elementary school children indicates that this is the need 
for future high school children. The distribution of junior and 
senior high school populations, as shown in Maps VI and VII 
indicates that there will be little change in the high school prob- 
lem as years go by; namely, that two entirely distinct and sepa- 
rate groups of children must be thought of as the high school 
building program is developed. 


27 


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28 


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29 


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30 





Increases of child population according to birth and distribu- 
tion of birth within the city for the years 1917 and 1922, distri- 
buted according to the residences of the parents will be found 
inmap VIII. Thedatafor this distribution were furnished by Dr. 
J. M. J. Raunick of the Bureau of Health of Harrisburg. The 
distribution is a little misleading as wards 14 and 15 were not in 
existence for the entire five-year period as were the other wards. 
These births will form the basis for the elementary school popula- 
tion of the next six years and of the junior and senior high 
school population for years to come. For the past five years the 
total number of births in the Hill section has been 4886*, and the 
total number of births in the Uptown section has been 4558 


* Sixth precinct considered 27% of total for seventh ward (ratio 
of school census 1922). Third and fifth precincts considered 75% 
of eighth ward (ratio of school census 1922.) 


31 


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33 


By reference to Table XIII it may be seen that the increase 
in the number of births has been far greater in recent years in 
the Hill section of the City than in the Uptown section of the 
City. Not only is this increase greater for the entire five-year- 
period for which the data have been furnished, but it is also 
more markedly true for the later years of this five-year-period. 


TABLE XIII 
NUMBER OF BIRTHS—HARRISBURG 
Hill Section Uptown Section 
LDIG) ys suis a oe te ae eee 757 715 
LOLE= icra cre son Gis at pace 889 T2 
LDIS iw is. ass Sen eee ea §24 778 
1910s vas 3 Se eee eee 705 673 
1920 fakiie eratecs wrest ie ne. eee STD 581 
1921 | se cte sc coe cute eer oes aon T67 704 
1922 (Gi months ieee. 369 335 


LOCAL rica pelos ripe eee 4886 4558 


These figures, showing the distribution of births, present addi- 
tional evidence that the school population of the future in the 
upper grades for the City of Harrisburg constitutes a two-fold 
problem and is one which cannot. be solved by the development 
of one school plant. 


DISTRIBUTION OF DWELLING PEeRMItTs 1918-1922 


The degree to which the city of Harrisburg is expanding may 
be seen from the number of dwelling permits which are issued 
over an extended period. The number of dwelling permits issued 
by the City of Harrisburg from data furnished by Inspector 
Boyer, and the relative cost of the housing, are shown in table 
XIV. The distribution in this table is according to the wards of 
the city. The largest increases in the number of dwelling permits 
issued over the period 1916 to 1922 have been in wards 10, 9, 13, 
and 1, in which respectively 336, 233, 187, and 130 permits have 
been issued. Ward 10 is in the Uptown Section, while wards 9, 
13, and 1 are in the Hill Section. The relative number of permits 
issued for the Hill Section is 730*, and 521 for the Uptown Sec- 
tion. The total investment in dwelling permits in the Hill Section 
has been approximately $3,000,000 from 1916 to 1922, and ap- 
proximately $2,000,000 for the Uptown Section for the same 


o4 


ow 


period. Not only is the greater number of dwellings being added 
to the eastern and southern sections of the city, but a greater 
investment is being made in the housing development in the 


eastern and southern sections than in the western section. 
* Sixth precinct of the 7th ward, third and fifth precincts of 8th 
ward estimated. 


It must be understood that these statements are based upon 
the estimates made at the time the dwelling permits were issued. 








3 





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36 



































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38 


THE PRESENT SCHOOL PLANT 


The School Board of Harrisburg is utilizing 31 school build- 
ings for the development of the educational program of the City. 
The name of the school building, the number which has been 
assigned it for purposes of the study, the location of the school 
building, and the approximate area occupied by the buildings 
and grounds are indicated in Map X. Twenty-six of the 
present school buildings are being utilized for the housing of 
elementary children. Two are utilized for junior high school 
purposes, and the Technical and Central High Schools are those 
devoted to high school purposes. In addition, there is one school 
used as a Special school, namely, the Open Air School. The 
buildings are distributed in Table XVII according to the num- 
ber of classrooms available at present, and the number of grades 
housed in each building. These facts give evidence that there has 
been no definite policy for the development of elementary schools 
which would tend toward the reduction of costs in administra- 
tion, operation, or maintenance. Instead of planning for the 
concentration of large numbers of children in buildings where a 
maximum of facilities could be provided, and where the best 
program for the classification and grading of children could be 
developed, Harrisburg’s tendency has been to erect small build- 
ings, relatively close to one another, and without definite con- 
sideration of future demands, nor of the promotion of a superior 
educational program. The pupil burden placed upon the indi- 
vidual plants is best shown in Table XVI. In this table the 
buildings are distributed according to the number of children 
housed in each one of them. The Steele building best represents 
in its size, and in some of the facilities which are offered to 
children, the type of building which should form a part of the 
elementary plant for this City. 


TABLE XV 


ScHooL BUILDINGS—HARRISBURG 


No. of Vacant No. of 
No. Building Rooms Rooms Grades 
fy UGGS PSE ee ae iy a Pe 8 7 
2 SE sep et Se 12 1 7 
ERECT toe a an em $4 ne ee 2 1 2 


(Table XV continued to next page) 
39 


No. of Vacant No. of 


No. Building Rooms Rooms Grades 
42 -Shimmell oe ee eae ree 14 2 7 
B Webster. 3; is ae oe ee 12 a 
6° *Steve@ns «cos pak at eae oes 4 vt 
[# Willard i ook en ve eee 8 4 
BS BOaSs: ts screens yale «atte ete eae 16 7 
9  -Reily oo. Sea cates ee ae 10 2 3 

105) Calder ins sides. aceon 4 5 

11. Hamilton vce. ene. eee 16 6 

12> Penn.) rca bn ee te eee 8 mF 6 

13°  DoWNGY ie eos es ee ie eee 6 3 

14. Woodward: {425 > 3... 8 7 

15° -Wickershani-. 23. 12 eee ee 8 7 

16) Lincoln feos...) eee ee 13 7 

17. “Al 80n 4s wn sects clare canes 8 6 

18 = Vernon 2.3. od ad ba teres 8 6 

19 */F Orne y=... atsitese ea ae ee eee 12 i: 

202° Open’ Air” <2 22). an eee eee 4 “ 

21) Steele- 27.26. sen ois oer 22 4 7 

22° GamMmeron igo. 6 os eee eee 20 1 7 

23.  Maclaysncs aes dciniccre one ae 14 : 

24. “Melrose. 2.4.5.4 5 ones eee 12 7 

2b. “Riverside... ue eee ee 4 7 

z0) Pleasant: View. ..hieceete antes 8 4 4 

2% Pleasant View 222. .58..+..-- 2 2 

28) udison< Junior Highs... sass 50 3 

29 Camp Curtin Junior High .... 44 3 

30 Central Senior High .......... 20 a 

31 Technical Senior High ........ 26 3 

TABLE XVI 


ScHOOL BUILDINGS OF HARRISBURG DISTRIBUTED ACCORDING TO THE NUMBER 
oF PuPILS HOUSED 


Building 
No. Building No. of Pupils 
28 Edison, 2.5 oases fa ae pes 0 oar eee 1292 
29 Camp Curtin’. ¢,cveeece sll © oe eee 1188 
30 Central veivsss othe eee hes Sere 953 
sy I Technical \ideiosae Rae be eee Lie ee ee 902 
22 CAMELOT ig o.oo cuotele Reena koe ot ee 690 
21 Steele’ so. fcc % ss Ne calete ties wane eee 639 
11 Hamilton, 2.00 2 Siw ice oie sone occle 623 
8 BOOS): .0 Seawe ain edhe vere ec ee oe ae 588 
23 Maclay”. Siiiwste acts ccs anrte oneal ee ae 542 
16 Lan Coln sin sei tire viele ie eae ee 486 
5 Webster 1.04.42 s02+ 10+ bate ae or wee eee 484 


a 


Building 


No. Building No. of Pupils 
19 Re TLE MCE eMC eee ne oie ct [ok Ms oa gle ea eee ped 467 
24 DATOS Ome ae SAI ne 2a. «2 OR Fc He ew 459 
4 Pe LER ESE TELE eee ge so, lant a Mins oo tut aids uel eee siti Bak pies 416 

2 RUE T MS ne el cc ihe ol cols wh okt note hes © CR 395 
17 EMULE ES CVPR. 95 U7 PS Ta gag AS A 332 
18 MEER NTIM Ee cect Re Ce eo Me ate a a Scta ce SERN Stine 98 315 

9 ERSEAM VMN ee REMC tare oo Wigs Ss 6S dco wilde Hadi he awit 302 
14 Wate eee ott) TGR etal oor, ro gly eave wie ARES os uae 299 
15 MAE ET EVE AS as ba OE 2 09 ae aR a ee RO a 276 

1 LES PW EE 2, ibe Pe i et A, AEB eo 264 
12 CEGLEUS ph or syneeyay 4 Os ee ea ee 264 
13 MOPS LAS VME EO RNR OST sc gk. fs pict 'ol Aaa eae 153 
10 OO MER ete oc, a Sea oa eee by ee oe 147 

6 SSL VELIS Mee my er eres oie be Sv. < soa hotels ees 139 
25 BREW eo ieetd CL CBS Ieee Ae neers ch pcre ete tis tina ale! o1ctaW ais Wiel 132 
26 MEIC HMR ILL VIO WENO ANC oo Hara ate o sieniod etka ble ss 131 
20 APUG TLD eee ee eee ne ais bie Se ce hehe 88 

3 PRM RE eae Gade se el ee a ere ae Sale 30 


Number of pupils given as of the last week of October, 1922. 


OVERLAPPING BETWEEN ELEMENTARY SCHOOL DISTRICTS 


In Map XI the overlapping between the elementary school 
districts of the City is indicated. It is assumed that in a city 
situated as Harrisburg is situated, no injustice will be done a 
child who is required to travel one-half mile or less in order to 
reach his elementary school. In Map XI eircles have been 
drawn with the present elementary school buildings as centers, 
and with a half mile radius the degree of overlapping among 
these circular areas is indicated by different degrees of shading. 
In two sections of the map overlapping occurs with as many as 
eight of the adjoining school districts. There is comparatively 
little area in the City where overlapping does not occur more than 
twice and a very small area in the City where overlapping oceurs 
not at all. In the development of the program of utilization of 
the present school buildings, the survey committee considered it 
essential to discover the degree of overlapping among the ele- 
mentary school districts and the condition of the present ele- 
mentary school plant. These facts were taken into consideration 
in order to determine the best possible use that might be made 
of the existing junior and senior high school plants. 


41 


ELEMENTARY SCHOOLS IN TERMS OF OVERLAPPING «°° "'” 
Circles One Half Mile Radius. 
HARRISBURG CITY 








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ADEQUACY OF THE PRESENT PLANT 


The adequacy of the present school plant of Harrisburg must 
be measured by the degree to which it provides for the health, 
comfort and safety of its pupils, while adequate educational aims 
are being achieved. It has become increasingly frequent in recent 
years to discover, through throughgoing inventories of school 
plants, whether the child’s physical and educational welfare is 
being satisfactorily safeguarded and advanced. The need for 
the measurement of school plants has inevitably resulted in new 
tools and instruments of measurement. Of these, the most com- 
monly used is the ‘‘Strayer-Engelhardt Score Card for Measur- 
ing City School Building.’’* This score ecard has been used 
extensively in surveys of city school systems. 

In using this score card, buildings are rated at 1,000 points 
when they meet all standards of modern school construction as 
shown in Chart No. 8, the 1,000 points are distributed among 
five major items as follows: 


ea Dome ne rue aa. a ty fates 125 points 
II. Building or Building Structure ... 165 points 
iii eecervice.oystems :.. 0.000... 2k 260 points 
LAY ABS OS he Seen 290 points 
MemmIIIOCIOIAIOOINS. hod... dns ee. s wele 140 points 


Each of these items is divided into several sub-topies, the 
division being made after consultation with many school men 
and architects who have had wide experience with modern 
school building. 

*Published by Bureau of Publication, Teachers College, Columbia 
University, New York. 


CHART NO. 8 


STRAYER-ENGELHART SCORE CARD FOR CITy SCHOOL BUILDINGS 
Score of Building 











1 | 2 3 
ii) C4 Uae See Sie aoe ge Da | aye et 125 | 
ECE AEIAS yg le'g fo! o's nie of0ie 306 uk a © cannes 55 25 
RP OCORBIIMIALY. 8's as crs 66 5) 25 15 ; | 
meeervaronment so... + 30 10 | Saat | ae | | 
REPRE LIER io, caters s vin e's she's s atste “ 30 (1 
PMP HOUR LION. Fos otc a ole vee vs 20 | 7 | ake é | 
maevature Of SOil«.. <2 .% ss 10 5 | : | | 
Prersreennd COTM: 6.5 sis wes 40 | 20 | 40 | 20 | | 


2 Building .. 


A; Placement. 2.42556 set eee 
1 Orientation +... ..22.s oe 15 

2 Position on site oe 7. swe. 10 
B Gross Structure 2.4... 
LEV DG eh once cee ee ontes 4) 
SeMLALETIA! ©...’ cece eee 10 
oO) EROISNG os 'ca a eens sete etee 5 
4° ROO (33.5 eee eee s 5 
oo Poundationsss.. 20. se 5 
GUWalist crise ct ee eee i) 
7 FIDtvances iy. eu scan eat 10 
8 Aesthetic balance ....... 5 
9 Condition: 7, ..s eee. eee 10 
C Internal Structure .......,.... 
LeStairways’ a. see ee 35 
24 COTTIGOYS he we emit 20 
>, BDASCMCNE fF. 6 «ss ee 15 
4 Color Scheme .......... 5 
SUALIGCH see eee eine 5 
3 Service System . a eee 

A Heating and Ventilation .|.... 
LPR ING aoee tere fee soe alee 10 
2 Installation oy ..5 +s saan 1Q 
OP ALPASUDDI Yucca cee 1a 
4 Fans and motors ....... 10 
5 Distribution... . os. cee 10 
6 Temperature control ..| 10 

7 Special provisions ...... 5 
B Fire Protection System ..|.... 
DL TAVORTALUS eee ce ctsieta a eet 10 
2 Fireproofmmess ....s.sees 15 
2D  MOSCADER Use se vies oe sicee es 20 
4 Hlectric wiring ........ 5 


5 Firedoorsandpartitions.| 10 
6 Exit lights and signs ..| 5 


G Cleaning .System |>.....5 seus. 
La ind re eitees aie ote 5 
2 installation fence se eiee eee 5 
o efficiency | ..53. +e sede 10 

D Attificial Lighting System|.... 
1 Gas and electricity ..... 5 
2 Outlets and adjustments 5 
SALMA tl Ort Woe ee ee 5 
4 Method and fixtures ...|j 5 

E Electric Service System .|.... 
DCHOC Ks Foote uses ote eta pace eee 5 
2 Bell 


cere? 
PWNS WM-: 


el 
Ooo 


TAHT wR ROW: 


ee eee eee 


25 


60 


80 


65, 


20 


15 


SS EO 





16 


39 


39 


24 


11 





280 





—_— CCC Orr -- —_—_—_ --- Saag ————— ee CUO ee eee ne 


94 


99 


BEPGICDNONE: vice cece ves | 5 


F Water Supply System ....|.... 
ATE ET ror a oc 3 cig sa waa 10 
BUUUIEINITID’ | ow since «nlc eee 0 10 
SERA TERTIT Oe shay c'a's a 0'0 0% 04 t 5 
aerot and cold ......... ret att! 

SPECT DY SLOT 5 ccc cence cups ce 
PePSLriUtION « sivscceceee 10 
SR TAIECH wy us ale c's « 5 9-644 10 
8 Adequacy and arrange 

HN oa Acree 10 
BR CIIISLON© so sigs cae «ss 0 0s 5 
PUMAINILOULON =. cine cae soe 0:0 0 15 






H Mechanical Service Systeni.... 





PROV ALOT ascrc cee cc senee: 5 
BPE OO RPITE ES cickts ole 6 xx be 0 2 
3 Waste-chutes .......... 3 
4 Class Rooms ...... ot 

A Location and Connection | 35 
B Construction and Finish .|.... 
BESET E ME ase so ss as © 80 ole e's « 25 
DC) ats cicle bre ees v0 $0 15 
SMILES 26 212 5 ly bine aoisis 9:5 10 
SNORE Sere Aah RA wi aiateis bono & 10 
POOLS cigs acess ka tees 6: 5 
SPURL Sate Stcn see's a 6.8 es © 5 
PMDIBCKDOATCS £0.55 ute os 10 
8 Bulletinboard ......... +) 
9 Color Scheme ......... 10 
RPS SITITITIA LION elec eo < e's 2 sid), sols 
MVS TOCH | oC Fr 0.siie-w « « 45 
PAR NVATHIOW Ss Wis ied s.3 0-0 2 v, 010 65 30 
LOR eatin: Gr aie ocics 2 «950 10 
D Cloakroemsand Wardrobes| 25 
BPUTITOINCNIL, vow x wows oe bay ace 
1 Seats and desks ....... Ata 

2 Teacher’s desk ........ 10 
3 Other equipment ....... | 4 


5 Special Rooms .... |.... 
A Large Rooms for General 
DREAMS cal ies ya's a svece aien8's 6 yea 


RES TOO, bac bs asses vie 10 
MAIC ILOTIUNIN o.0-5 see eas 15 
tO, UAL yas cc ess 5 i 5 
MPLA DTATY ss 6 oc cecss sees 10 
PeeCrVINNOGSIUM 6.5 c. as 0 oe 0 10 
6 Swimming pool ........ 5 
PIANC TOOT, oy a's «0 2-0. of 10 


ono: 








30 


50 


10 


35 


95 


85 


2h 


50 


-_ 
x. 2 
eS) | 





. . . . . . . Py . ° ° . e 


=]: 


30 


58 


67 


20 


15 


11 








290 








190 








B Rooms for School Officials |.... | mn Sy 35 12 | 
LUQIHCETBY oor ae sie 5 coe ae 10 3) | 
2 Teather’ s\ room Wis « es 10 | 7 | | | 
BENUTrS@’As OOM ca eevee eee 10 | 0 | 
4° Jamitor’s YOOn! sas. «ne se 5 | 0 | | 

C Other Special Service . | | | | 
ROOMS. vse ee cee oo eee ABy 2 | ee | 40 16 | 
1» Laboratories caidas. dea 20 | 0 | | 
Zelecture TOOMIS 7.0. eee 10 | (10) | | | | 
o: SS LOTe LOOMS «ont. eee D | 1 | | 
4 Studios</3.7.055 eke 6 | (5) | eae | ah | <5 | 

L000 | | 1000 | 479 1000 


INSTRUCTIONS FOR USING CARD 


(1) Basis for Seoring, 1000 points. (2) For scoring three 
columns are allowed. While actually at work on a building only 
the first need be filled out, the second and third to be filled out 
at leisure. (3) Where credit is allowed for any single item 
not present and not needed in a building, draw a circle around 
such eredit. All scores should be recorded on the basis of the 
standards outlined in the bulletin: The Strayer-Engelhardt 
Seore Card for City School Buildings, Bureau of Publication, 
Teachers College, Columbia University, N. Y. 


By means of this score card, the buildings of the city of Har- 
risburg have been rated and scores have been allotted as shown 
in Table 17. It should be borne in mind that a building scoring 
1,000 points is not an impossible ideal, but that modern school 
buildings have been erected in which practically all desirable 
standards have been met. 


No school building in Harrisburg rates more than 775 points. 
Although some of the local buildings have been built within 
recent years, not enough consideration was given to the acquisi- 
tion of sites nor to the planning of the school structure in order 
to make the building conform to the best known standards of 
today. Only 6 of the 26 elementary school buildings seored 
higher than 500 points. The scores allotted to the remaining © 
elementary school buildings, as shown in Table 17 are indicative 
of the condition of the present buildings. School buildings scor- 
ing 400 points or less have few characteristics which justify the 

4 


further utlization of the building for educational purposes. The 
school buildings which are in this class are as follows: 


Riverside Harris 
Webster . Wickersham 
Downey Reilly 
Penn Pleasant View 1 & 2 
Allison Paxtang 

Willard 


The rating of all the buildings is shown in graphic form in 
Chart No. 9. 


The location of school buildings together with the rating of 
each building will be found in map XII. 


47 


ee 


HARRIS DVRS * SCHOOL: AVIVEWE 
-CHART-HE.9- | 


- Score’ FoR PupLic /eroor Dvitpinwy or Haraiypvars , Pa. 


Arranged in order of rank for total /cores allotted , on te bs is of a maximam 
-peysible J/core f 1000 pointy. 


Total Possible fore bods 


Heh cxoor/ 
‘TECHNICAL . 368 


‘CENTRAL: 286 
JVNIOR Hick JCH@os 
Enon: 11 

-CAMP CvrTiN- 602 
ELEMENTARY /CHaDL /- 
Jagaye— 716 
Doay- 683 


_/HIMMELL: 657 





Open AIR 605 
-HAMILTon- 520 
FOO/E- So3 
Meopwarn- 419 








MELRO/E-- 475 
‘LINCOLN. 456 
‘CAMERON 447 
Veron: 428 





(CALOER-: AzS 
FORNEY: AI2Z 
‘MACLAY- 409 
‘RIVER /IDE- 319 
Weo/TER- 365 
‘Downey: 347 
PENN: 334 
-Auujed- 327 
FMA 315 
“Vice /HAM: 286 
Remy: 259 
“Preayady View-2535 
*Pleasadr Virw:215 
Pay tana: 212 
“Wiuaro- 18} 








48 


TIX 4vjv 





ee eo 


\\. - “UsK ayy 





LISS =, 















































YET S FOOMITIA 
S 





) ho 
Pv Q 
I? A rhe 





ia) 








3 
ee 
yi 




















2 a rr) 
Loree || || 


Story: 


a an ‘peo 2102f 
fara NIE 


slated Senta dpverlinpad Ban eat caet 





yh hares 
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off || li ao: potelisey Seipiec oot ae. /eiaa: 
ean si JC 7 ee ee os, Au 
+ = WA =3 00 Un AIS Bae iss Ken yAhey yond 
< Ege = aN SNC of er eet 
< ( Ley ee = in ae e : —— : = 
a>, ee Y a te "Wg 09 urudneg 
oy Beet E ” A.LIO 9UNESTYUUVA 
« ge | yea ia -SONIGMAG T0°H2/- 
a 4 , eee Siro ayy Paaawoy ‘Any. 
~ A 


49 


TABLE XVII 


PuBLIC ScHoor, BUILDINGS oF HARRISBURG, PA. ARRANGED IN ORDER OF 

















RANK FOR TOTAL SCORES ALLOTTED 
Showing distributed scores on the major items of the score card as 
compared with the total possible score for each major item 
= = Sub-items 
& ¥ Maximum possible score and 
- eb 2 alloted scores. 
me x g os 
aa = | SEegeee 
SCHOOL SCORED. gs) 2 5 a Js s ms 
i : = | 2s 
i 23 o = = > > 
1000 | 125 | 165 | 280 | 290 | 140 
Edison 7.28. fe ae eee | 1 | yes | 80 138 | 201 | 242 110 
Steele: fy. eek eka hae eee 2 | 716 | 92 | 130 | 190 | 235 69 
BOas ish sits. 9.000 ote paren ere | 3 | 683 | 48 | 135 | 206 | 241 | 53 
Shimmeéli 2.420% ee | 4 | 657 | 76 | 122 | 170 | 2382 57 
Open VAIrcGs: 4 soe ee | 5 | 605 77 105 126 | 225 72 
Camp “Curtin... 2.444 ee | 6 | 602 46 | 93 | 166 | 214 83 
Hamilton d: >. 2... ss. ca tana | 7 | 520 | ce 99 | 100 | 200 44 
FOG8O 5 Si ie win ban ond eee | 8 503 84 87 | 113 | 181 38 
Woodwardic. soe 9 e 479 72 84 | 91 189 43 
MelTO8@ rch cose cos See 10 | 473 | 68 | 74 | 108 186 | 37 
Lancoly ta. Stes eee eee 11 456 | 69 88 | 98 | 162 | 39 
Cameron 2.2. + sone ere | 12 | 447 68 72 | 85 178 44 
Vernon su. ip see ae ae eee | 13 | 428 | 61 13 116 | 143 | 25 
Calder :% wistiect ns aes | 14 | 425 | AST ete | 91 { 180 40 
BFOrne@y. os wietetess ain oe | 15 | 412 | 70 : 66 75 | 166 | 35 
Maclay “ict. ee iG eee | 16 | 409 | 70 73 | 82 | 146 38 
Riverside: 2's: «sins soe | 17 | 379 | 53 | 57 66 | 167 36 
Tech High 72252. a: eee 18 | 368 | 31 51 | 136 | 122 28 
Webster. .3). si. 4425 eee | ro | 365 | 69 | 55 | 64 | 145 | 32 
DOWNY) v's hae 2 cits oe 20 | 347 62 | 59 62 | 136 28 
Penn. 2. .its se sn ee : 21 | 334 | 39 38 cm! 153 33 
Allison’ 2200 20. «ecm Sener 22 | 327 | 49 | 49 | 72 129 | 28 
Harris o8 ote «. cs eee 23 315 37 | 50 | 64 134 30 
Céentral*Hizh <: 44a ee | 24 286 34 41 az | 113 27 
Wickershanie<-. 42 esac ee 25 286 | 35 | 47 | 67 | 108 | 29 
Reilly: 4/5216 e 4 ee ee 26 259 45 | 30 61 | 92 | 31 
Pleasant View H. S. ...... | 27 253 | 27 39 54 112 21 
Pleasant; View. >. o:4 21s 28 | 213 | 27 34 32 94 26 
Paxtangy, « <%2. Acapeneeeee | 29 212 | a 43 50 | 102 0 
Willard 2 .s.5 4c eee 30 181 | 32 26 50 70 | 3 
Maximum Possible Score | | 1000 | 125 | 165 | 280 | 290 140 


Low RatTINGs ON ScHOOL BUILDINGS 


The major outstanding faults which count for the very low 
rating given many of the school buildings of Harrisburg are as 
follows: 

1. The almost total lack of playground areas and the lack of 
preparation of the available play spaces for the proper 
kind of social play ; 

2. The almost total lack in the elementary schools of such 

special rooms as libraries, auditoriums, adequate play 

rooms, and provisions for teachers ; 
The failure to provide reasonably modern toilet facilities ; 
The inadequacy of the natural lighting ; 
The combustible nature of stairways and corridors; 


mo wp ww 


The lack of fire protection and the existence of fire hazards 
in many of the buildings. 


Many of these faults exist because these elementary schools 
were planned long before adequate standards had been developed 
for the safety and comfort of children, as well as for the social 
and physical needs of large groups of children. 

The Survey Committee is recommending in this survey the 
elimination of some of the elementary school plants: It is fur- 
ther recommended that every reasonable precaution be taken to 
safeguard the children who will in the future be housed in many 
of these non fire-proof structures. Such precautions involve pro- 
visions for adequate exits, the removal of all fire hazards, the 
placement of panic bolts on all exit doors, and a more adequate 
program of supervision and administration of the school build- 
ings themselves. 

In the planning of all future buildings the two most important 
characteristics which should be adhered to at all times are those 
of elasticity and expansibility. The Survey Committee recom- 
mends that no building plans be devised which do not retain 
these two essential elements. 


STANDARDS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE FUTURE SCHOOL PLANT 


It is obvious from the material which has been presented, show- 
ing the present conditions of the school plant, that the community 
of Harrisburg has failed to consider the development of the school 


51 


plant in terms of future needs and the future growth of the com- 
munity. No huge enterprise, involving as many individuals as 
does the school system in Harrisburg, can develop economically 
and prosper satisfactorily except as political and personal motives 
are cast aside and the program is developed in terms of scientific 
studies and with the acceptance of definite program principles. 
Such underlying principles have not been adopted in the past, 
nor have they formed a basis for the development of the plant 
or the educational program. If Harrisburg wishes to secure a 
school plant which will be comparable with those of other pro- 
gressive cities and to which its citizens in future years may point 
with pride, such basic standards as follow must be adopted. 

The proposed 6-3-3 organization promises to be the ground 
work upon which the best school systems in the future will be 
built. The Board of School Directors must determine upon 
large school buildings as the buildings of the future, rather 
than the small buildings which exist in such large numbers 
today in the city of Harrisburg. By large buildings, it is in- 
tended to imply a building with a 1,200 pupil capacity and above. 

In the planning of buildings, modern school standards must 
be adopted as the basis for all construction. These standards 
should insure complete safety for every child, proper lighting, 
heating, ventilating, seating and sanitary facilities and adherence 
to every advanced phase of modern school planning which has 
been considered essential for the health and education of children. 

Elasticity of planning is a positively necessary element to be 
considered in the development of the plant. 

The Board of School Directors should recognize that chang- 
ing admistrative policies will necessitate varying adaptations of ~ 
the school building. An elastic plan which may accommodate 
itself to these changes is the most desirable. The wisest policy to 
pursue is to reserve for all the time the possibility of addition 
to any plant except as positive assurance prevails that the op- 
timum size has been reached. 

The Board of School Directors should adopt the policy of 
selecting large acreages for school sites instead of the very limi- 
ted areas which have been made available in the past. The loca- 
tion of these sities should be on the basis of scientific building 
program planning. The future school building program should 
be advanced with full consideration of a city zoning program 


52 


and in harmony with such program so that buildings will be 
erected where they will be most conveniently located for children 
-of the future as well as children of today. Desirable traveled 
distanees for children of the various school groups should be 
determined so that the tremendous overlapping prevailing in the 
present elementary school districts may be avoided in the future. 

The school building program of Harrisburg should be con- 
sidered as a continuing program. It should be borne in mind 
that the city. will prosper to the degree that the educational 
facilities of the community are permitted to expand and de- 
velop. 


TABLE XXI 


THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SCHOOL BUILDINGS AND SIZE OF CLASS 
Size of Classes, Harrisburg, Pa., Grades 1-6 











| First |Second|Third |Fourth| Fifth |Sixth 

















keh OAS A eh on aa Be 

No. of Pupils ; 2 i 2 ; 2 : 2 a 2 2 Es 
Sees So. lao |e 

i peal i | a ates mgs 
AO. 3 ee | 3 | ihm hed Eads | me hee: 
eM oe i) ss bons: iia igieecem ne! Tastee y! |) 3 
Pee Hr Ass; Ree le aes i) aG= ay GP] "4 
oe sO iGen ies 9) 124139 [0113 
Wk ae PLO els Deal Ly Diast 2 hs « Qaa lt 2 
A) ET SO es ea eee 
i ae (58o i541 | 81 | 8b | 30 | 34 


44 Mixed classes, i. e., more than one grade to the class. 


The many small school buildings of Harrisburg do not allow 
a satisfactory adjustment of the size of classes. In larger school 
buildings a better adjustment of class size may be made. Table 
21 indicates the size of classes in the elementary schools of Har- 
risburg. More than forty classes are composed of more than one 
grade. In larger buildings the necessity for combining grades in 
the same class is obviated. The present Junior High School 
buildings indicate a better adjustment of the size of seventh 
gerade classes than is found in the smaller buildings that have 
seventh grade classes. There are thirteen seventh grade classes 
in the Junior High School buildings and eighteen so called 
seventh grade classes in other buildings. Six of the eighteen 


ys) 


classes in separate buildings are mixed classes, i. e., more than 
one grade to the class. The superior adjustment of the size of 
classes is indicated by Table 22. 

TABLE XXII 


SIZE oF SEVENTH GRADE CLASSES 





|Junior High Buildings Separate Buildings 
No. in Class | No. of Classes | No. of Classes 





oe) 

> 

Je) 

ANG 

~] 
orc ee. 


| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 


Ciry PLANNING AND THE SCHOOL PROGRAM 


The existing conditions in the school buildings in the city are 
due almost wholly to the lack of a definite comprehensive plan on 
the part of the City. There never has been in the City a definite 
building program in relation to the schools. This has differed 
from the other improvements in Harrisburg. A general plan for 
all municipal improvements like parks, streets, sewers and water 
has been followed, but schools have been neglected in this respect. 


STANDARD FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF A FuTURE SCHOOL PLANT 


In the developmeont of the building program proposed for Har- 
risburg the Survey Committee has thought in terms of the 
following standard: large school buildings for elementary schools 
as well as for junior and senior high schools; the minimum en- 
rollment for elementary schools has been considered to be 1200 
pupils with future buildings so planned that additions may be 
made and increases may be cared for. A maximum travel dis- 
tance not to exceed one-half mile has been thought of as an essen- 
tial standard for elementary school planning. A maximum 
travel distance of approximately one mile has been utilized in 
the junior high school planning, and a maximum travel distance 
of approximately two miles has been used as a basis in the 
senior high school planning. Exceptional conditions make it 
necessary sometimes that the distance should be a little greater. 


54 


4 


It has been recognized that a large number of small school plants 
increases unnecessary costs of operation, maintenance, and ad- 
ministration. In the future planning the effort has been made 
to eliminate as far as possible all overlapping among the future 
school districts. The program has been advanced with the pur- 
pose of eliminating those buildings which to the least degree 
meet the modern desirable standards of safety, sanitation, com- 
fort, recreation, and education. The program as advanced is 
divided into a series of steps, the time for passing through any 
one step has not been determined absolutely; an attainable ulti- 
mate school building situation is the result of the completion of 
the various steps. The attainable ultimate program as laid down 
in this study should form the basis of all future planning of the 
Board of Edueation. No action should be taken in the comple- 
tion of any step of the program except as the desirable character- 
isties of the attainable ultimate are preserved. The very compre- 
hensive data which have been presented in the foregoing pages 
have been utilized in the determination of each step. It is the 
belief of the Survey Committee that the program, as laid down 
in the following pages, is practicable and possible. 


THE ScHoot BumpING PROGRAM 


The High School Plant: 

There should be an immediate program for the extension and 
improvement of high school facilities in this city. The program 
should include the following: 

A high school should be erected on the Hottie Wood ’s site 
capable of accommodating 1350 pupils. The report shows that 
in 1934 approximately 1050 high school children will be residing 
in the uptown section. The Survey Committee feels it essential 
to plan for 300 pupils above this number in order to make com- 
plete utilization of the shops which have already been built on 
this site, and for relieving temporarily some of the overcrowded 
conditions which now prevail in the junior high school accommo- 
dations in the uptown section. The reduction to 1350 pupils of 
the capacity of the building already proposed for this site 
requires the preparation of a new set of plans. 

It is recommended that in the preparation of these plans con- 
sideration be given to the utilization of a portion of the shops 


55 


service in the high school. That the first floor of. the shops be 
used for gymnasium accessories and that the gymnasiums be 
centrally located to permit such use. 

These plans should be revised to meet the contingency of a 
possible increase in the number of pupils to be served beyond 
the estimate given. This may be done without additional expense. 

A site of at least twenty acres in the hill section of the city 
should be selected and a high school should be erected thereon. 
The high school building should be planned for an immediate 
eapacity of 1500 pupils, and capable of expansion, sufficient to 
accommodate 2,000 pupils which the report shows may reside 
in this section of the city by 1945. The plans of the building 
should be capable of such further expansion as may be necessary 
to accommodate the high school pupils residing in the adjacent 
territory to the hill section, in case the boundaries of the city 
should be extended so that this territory is included in this part 
of the city before or after 1945. 

As soon as the new high schools are erected and the Technical 
High School is available for other purposes, it should be used 
temporarily for junior high school purposes and the school 
program of the entire city should then be placed upon a com- 
plete junior high school basis. Such repairs and modifications 
only as are necessary to make this building comfortable, safe and 
sanitary should be made. 

When the Central High School is vacated by senior high 
school pupils it is reeommended that the property be sold. 

The ultimate senior high school program will be found in Map 
XIII. 

The Junior High School Buildings: 

It is the recommendation of the Survey Committee that as 
soon as the two new senior high schools are erected all of the 
children of the seventh, eighth, and ninth grades be placed in 
the junior high school organization. In the year 1922-23 ap- 
proximately 3200 children are in these three grades. The Camp 
Curtin and Edison Junior High Schools are planned for ap- 
proximately 2400 children. The remainder of these children 
are distributed among the elementary schools. Three hundred 
of these are in the uptown district; five hundred of these are 
in the hill district. 

In 1928 there will be approximately 500 children in the up- 

56 


town district who cannot be housed in the Camp Curtin Junior 
High School and approximately 800 junior high school children 
in the hill section who cannot be housed in the present Edison 
School. For a period immediately following the erection of the 
new high schools, approximately 300 junior high school children 
can be housed temporarily-in the Hoffman Wood’s High School 
and approximately 300 more junior high school children can be 
housed temporarily in the new high school in the hill section. 

The immediate program for elementary schools includes the 
abandonment of the Forney School as an elementary school 
center. This should be made a temporary annex of the Edison 
Junior. High School, and become a part of the Edison Junior 
High School organization. Further provision must then be made 
for the remaining group of junior high school children. It is 
recommended that the present Technical High School be utilized 
temporarily for this purpose. The future program for high 
schools contemplates an addition to the present Edison. School 
and an extension of the site of the present school plant, so as 
to provide adequate recreational facilities at this point. Inas- 
much as the estimates show that only approximately 1550 junior 
high school children will be residing in the uptown section in 
1934, it is the opinion of the Survey Committee that the provi- 
sions in the Camp Curtin Junior High School and the additional 
facilities in the Hoffman Wood’s High School will be adequate 
for an extended period for the uptown section. This will result 
in the ultimate abandonment of the Technical High School for 
all school purposes. This building and the site constitute an 
exceedingly valuable property, the sale of which is reeommended 
as soon as the junior high school situation is permanently re- 
lieved. 


The ultimate junior high school program will be found in 
map XIV. 


57 


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HARRISBURG CITY 


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58 









Map XV 


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61 


The Elementary School program: 


In maps 15, 16 and 17 are shown three steps according to which 
the elementary school program of the future should be developed. 
In step 1 the following changes are recommended to relieve the 
conditions prevailing in the elementary schools. 


It is recommended that a new site be chosen for the Riverside 
School to the north of the present site, as indicated approxi- 
mately on map 15. It is recommended that the Steele school be 
retained and that the site be extended ; the Hamilton school, the 
Maclay school, the Cameron school, the Calder school and the 
Wickersham school be retained. It is recommended that the 
site of the Boas school be extended to the north and east and 
that an extension: of twelve classrooms be added, and such other 
special room facilities as are needed to make this a complete 
elementary school plant. If the additions to the Boas site are 
found to be too expensive, the alternative for this step may well 
be the extension of the Steele school at this time with an addi- 
tion of twelve rooms. This will require a redistricting of the 
elementary districts to the morthward. It is recommended that 
the Reily school which is rated as being one of the poorest 
schools in the city, be adandoned, and that the Penn school which 
hes on the very fringe of the school district, and which has no 
commendable features about it, be also adandoned. The enroll- 
ment of the present Reily and Penn schools will be cared for by 
a redistricting of the uptown section and a redistribution of the 
children among the schools which will be left as the result of the 
completion of the first step in the building program. This redis- 
tribution becomes possible because of the withdrawal of seventh 
grade children from the Boas, Cameron, Maclay, and Steele 
schools, and the addition to the Boas building. It is recom- 
mended that the Willard school be abandoned entirely. This 
is now housing high school children who will be eared for in the 
new provision which is being made for them. The children now 
being housed in the Stevens school should be re-distributed in the 
Harris school and in the Boas school, This becomes readily pos- 
sible because of the elimination of the seventh grade children 
from the Harris school and by using the vacant room in the 
Harris school and the additions to the Boas plant. The Harris 
school should be retained and the necessary repairs and altera- 


62 


. A 


one school. It is recommended that the Maclay school and the 
tions made to make exit from this building safe for school 
children and to make the building more presentable. 


Huu SECTION 


The best elementary building in the hill section is the Shimmell 
school. This should be utilized as the nucleus for future elemen- 
tary school planning in this section. It is recommended that a 
twelve room addition be made to the Shimmell school and that 
a large site be acquired to the south of the present plant in order 
to provide adequately for play. 

It is recommended that the Webster, Foose, Melrose, Vernon, 
Lincoln, and the Woodward schools be retained for the present. 

It is recommended that the Downey school be abandoned 
and that a redistricting be made of the hill section and a re- 
distribution to the southward of the school children so as to 
make utilization of the Shimmell addition. 

It is recommended that the Forney school be abandoned for 
elementary purposes and be utilized for junior high school 
purposes. 

It is recommended that extensions be made to the site of the 
Lineoln school and that an eight to ten room addition be made 
early in this step. 

It is recommended that the Pleasant View be abandoned early 
in this step and the enrollment consolidated with schools to the 
westward. 

The recommendation that all seventh grade children be housed 
in a junior high school organization will leave vacant rooms in 
the Woodward, Lincoln, Melrose, Shimmell, Webster, and Foose 
schools. These vacant rooms, together with the additions to the 
Shimmell school, will provide all the relief for the situation 
caused by the abandonment of the Allison school, Downey school, 
and Pleasant View school. 


THE SECOND STEP OF THE ELEMENTARY SCHOOL PROGRAM 


The second step of the elementary school program proposes 
the retention of the Riverside, Steele, Hamilton, Cameron, Boas, 
Harris, Foose, Shimmell, Vernon, Lincoln, and Woodward schools 
are outlined in step 1, it is proposed to eliminate the Wickersham 
and Calder schools with the consolidation of this population in 


63 


Webster school be abandoned. It is recommended further that 
provisions be made for increases in the elementary school enroll- 
ment by additions as they are needed to the new Riverside school 
_ plant, the present Steele school plant, the Boas school plant, the 
Shimmell school plant, and the Lincoln school plant. It is 
recommended that no additions be made during this step to the 
Hamilton, Cameron, Harris, Foose, Vernon, Woodward, or the 
Melrose buildings. 


ATTAINABLE ULTIMATE ELEMENTARY SCHOOLS 

In Map 17 are shown the districts of those elementary schools 
which should form a part of the ultimate elementary school plant 
of this city. It is the opinion of the Survey Committee that 
the ultimate plant, as outlined in Map 17, may become a possi- 
bility within a twenty-five year period. In attaining this ulti- 
mate achievement it is proposed that the new Riverside, Steele, 
Boas, Shimmell, and Lincoln will have become large elementary 
school centers caring for practically all of the enollment within 
the districts as outlined on this Map. As the program develops 
the solution to be reached concerning the present Cameron and 
Hamilton schools will become clear. This may result in the 
consolidation of these two enrollments in one centralized school 
on a new site, or the development of one of the present sites to 
the point where these combined enrollments may be eared for in 
one adequate building on an adequate site. It is questionable 
whether the Harris school will still be a part of this ultimate 
plant ; it, however, has been left on the plan for such use as may 
still exist. The Foose school should not be added to, but as in- 
creases occur in this section, the beginnings of a projected 
elementary school of the desirable size should be constructed on 
an adequate site further to the south as indicated. Other exten- 
sions to the school plant will be necessary to the east and the 
approximate sites for such extensions are indicated. 


HARRISBURG AND ITS ENVIRONS 
In Map 18 are shown the present outlying districts to the 
south, east, and north of the present city limits. On this map 
have been shown the possible school districts for this entire 
region. It will be noted that practically all overlapping of 
school districts has been eliminated. It should be borne in mind 
that Harrisburg’s development will consist in part of the in- 


clusion of some of these outlying districts into the city limits. 
64 


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66 


APPROXIMATE COSTS 
OF 


THe ScHOOL BUILDING PROGRAM FOR THE CITY OF 


HARRISBURG, 


Pa., RECOMMENDED BY THE SURVEY COMMITTEE. 


Immediate program only included in cost estimates. 


Senior High School Buildings. 


1. For the Uptown Section of the city on the 
Hoffman’s Woods site a senior high school 
building which will accomodate 1350 
pupils should be erected at $600.00 per 

© LMCOHTE: SaaS Spe 7g ie oe a 

2. For the Hill Section of the city a site of at 
least twenty acres should be acquired and 

a senior high school building to accomo- 

date 1500 pupils should be erected thereon 

Breen ou ue neir StUGCEN tes o.1 88 6 ee 2 oe 


Junior High School Buildings. 


1. The Forney elementary school building 
should be remodeled and made an annex to 
Edison Junior High School building. 

2. The Technical High School building should 
be altered for junior high school purposes. 


Elementary School Bwldings. 
First Step. 


1. (a) Property to the morth and east of the 
Boas school building should be acquired 
and a twelve room addition to the Boas 
building should be erected, or 
(b) Alternative. Pupils in the uptown 
section should be redistricted northward 
and a twelve room addition to the Steele 
building should be erected. 

2. The site of the Steele school building should 
be extended. 

67 


$ 810,000.00 


1,125,000.00 


10,000.00 


wai 


uN 


A new site for the Riverside school building 
to the north of the present site should be 
chosen and a building adequate for all 
pupils in this section should be erected. — 

Repairs and alterations should be made to 
the Harris school building. 

Property to the south of the Shimmel 
school building should be acquired and a 
twelve room addition to the Shimmel build- 
ing should be erected. 

The site of the Lincoln school building should 
be extended and a twelve room addition to 
the Lincoln school building should be 


erected. ..c¢ calles » ous sick Oe ee 755,000.00 
Total’ oes as ake ee 2,700,000 .00 
hom 


68 


